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The College of St. Scholastica Library Lab
Worksheet Four: Finding Journal Articles
Using a Print Index
A print index serves the same function as a database. It allows the researcher ready access to a list of journal articles pertaining to a given topic.

Up until approximately 1990, print indexes were the main access point for finding citations to articles (citations only, since obviously the full-text of the article could not be in the index!). As a general rule, if you are looking for articles older than the mid 1980’s, you will need to use a print index.

The CSS Library keeps older indexes for just this reason, and still maintains current subscriptions to selected print indexes; a complete list of indexes is available on Print Indexes Available in The College of St. Scholastica Library.

Worksheet Four allows for the option of using a print index. REMEMBER, you only need to find three article citations. If you have already done that, then skip this section. Certain topics lend themselves better to print indexes, and that is why this option is available.

Follow these steps for finding a citation for an article in a print index.

1.  Use Print Indexes Available in The College of St. Scholastica Library to select a print index that is relevant to your topic.

2.  Locate the index. Current indexes are located on the index tables on the first floor, across from the Library's Circulation Desk.  Older and/or discontinued indexes are located on shelving on the first floor or along the side wall of the second floor of the Library.

3.  The indexing of articles is a time-consuming process. Add on the time to publish the index, and usually the most current index available is at least three months behind the current date. The most current index are usually paperbacks that cover a range of a month or two (i.e. January – March 2003). At the end of each year a hardcover version of the index is published that covers a year's worth of citations.

4)  Indexes are arranged by subject headings. These are usually listed in bold-face type and flush with the left-hand margin of the column. For most subject headings subheadings and cross-references (See also) will be supplied.

Here is an example from The Social Science Index (April 2001 to March 2002)- 

Midwives
   Equal opportunities and postive [sic] action in the British National
     Health Service: some lessons from the recruitment of minor-
     ity ethnic groups to nursing and midwifery. P. Iganski and 
     others.  bibl  Ethn Racial Stud  v24  no2  p294-317  Mr 2001
   Factors affecting choice of delivery sites in Rakai district of
     Uganda.  B.  Amooti-Kagoona and F. Nuwaha.  bibl  Soc Sci
    Med  v50  no2  p203-13  Ja  2000;  Discussion.  v52  no6  p979
     Mr 2001
   Women’s health and pregnancy outcomes: do services make a
     difference?  E. Frankenberg and D. Thomas.  bibl  tab
    Demography  v38  no2  p253-65  My  2001
Mie  (Japan: Prefecture)
                          Politics and government
   Mie’s bold bid for change. M. Kitagawa.  il.  Jpn Q  v48  no3
     p3-9  Jl/S  2001
Miech, Richard, and others
   Socioeconomic status and the adjustment to school: the role of
     self-regulation during early childhood. bibl  graph  tab Sociol
    Educ  v74  no2  p102-20  Ap  2001
Under our topic (subject heading) of Midwives there were three citations to choose from.  All of the index citations include the abbreviation “bibl” which indicates the article has a bibliography, therefore they would meet our definition for Worksheet Four of a “scholarly article.”

5.  Choose a citation of interest. The individual part of the index citation are - 

Women’s health and pregnancy outcomes: do services make a
     difference?  E. Frankenberg and D. Thomas.  bibl  tab
    Demography  v38  no2  p253-65  My  2001
Here is a breakdown of the individual parts –
Women's health and pregnancy outcomes: do services make a difference?
=
The title of the article
E. Frankenberg and D. Thomas. 
=
The authors of the article
bibl
=
Indicates the article has a bibliography
tab
=
Indicates the article has a table
Demography 
=
Abbreviated title of the journal
v38 
=
Volume number
no2
=
Issue number
p253-65
=
Page numbers of article
My  2001
=
Month and year of publication

6.  Determine the full title of the journal the article is published in. In order to save space, the publishers of print indexes created a system of abbreviations for the title of journals. You will need to have the full title of the journal in order to determine if the CSS Library subscribes to it.

In order to do this, go to the front of the index you are working with and locate the “Abbreviations of Periodicals Indexed.” This is an alphabetical listing of the abbreviated titles of the periodicals covered in the index, and a key to the full title of the periodical.

Here is an example from the "Abbreviations of Periodicals Indexed" of Social Sciences Index

Death Stud – Death Studies
Demography – Demography
Dev Psychol – Developmental Psychology
Dissent – Dissent
Drugs Soc – Drugs & Society
In our example, because the journal has a one world title, it was not abbreviated. This is usually the exception of the rule, and is always advisable to verify the full title of the journal and not to “make-up” what you think the journal title is (Would you have come up with Drugs & Society from the abbreviation Drugs Soc?)
 
A Citation is a Citation is ... Not Always a Citation
The word citation gets used often and it can mean slightly different things, depending on the context. You have used an index to find a citation for an article - the unique information that identifies one piece of information. The index(er) has added useful pieces of information to the citation, such as the fact that the article contains a bibliography or a table. However, for your worksheet you will need to "translate" the citation from the index into either the "language" of MLA or APA. The index citation will often include abbreviations that are not part of either MLA or APA style.

Look at the difference between the three -

The index citation:

Women's health and pregnancy outcomes: do services make a
     difference?  E. Frankenberg and D. Thomas.  bibl  tab
    Demography  v38  no2  p253-65  My  2001
The same citation in MLA style -

Frankenberg, Elizabeth, and Thomas S. Duncan. "Women’s Health and Pregnancy Outcomes: Do Services Make a Difference?" Demography
     38.2 (2001): 253-265. 

The same citation in APA style -

Frankenberg, E., & Duncan, T. S. (2001). Women’s health and pregnancy outcomes: Do services make a difference? Demography
     38 (2), 253-265. 

SO, don't just copy what you see in the index. Follow  this link for a guide for creating a proper citation for your paper's bibliography.
 
 
Getting Your Hands on a Copy of the Article 
Follow this link to access the CSS Library's Periodical List to determine whether or not the CSS Library subscribes to a particular journal or magazine.

If the CSS Library does not subscribe to a particular journal or magazine, follow this link to learn about how the Library will obtain for you a copy of the article you want.
 
Worksheet Questions
b. FINDING A THIRD ARICLE USING A PRINT INDEX
a. Select on of the following print indexes:

Biological and Agricultural Index
Business Periodicals Index
Catholic Periodical & Literature Index
CINAHL 
Education Index 
General Science Index
Humanities Index 
Library Literature Index
Philosopher's Index
Religion Index
Social Sciences Index

a.  Select an index listed above and list the title here:  __________________________________________________________________

b.  What year are you using?  (i.e. 95-96)  __________

c.  Locate a citation on your topic.  What page of the index does the citation appear on?  __________

Create a proper MLA or APA citation for your article:
The following citation is in:  _____ MLA style _____ APA style

Citation:  _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Does the CSS Library subscribe to the journal or magazine?  Yes  _____  No  _____
 

Continue - (begins a new worksheet)
Worksheet One: Databases
Worksheet Two: Reference
Worksheet Three: Books
Worksheet Four: Journals
Worksheet Five: Stats & Internet